Difference between revisions of "Client–server model"

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The '''client–server model''' is a [[Distributed computing|distributed application architecture]] that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a [[Service (computing)|resource]] or [[Service (computing)|service]], called [[Server (computing)|servers]], and the service [[Client program|requesters]], called [[Client program|clients]]. It is a fundamental concept in [[Computer networking|computer networking]] and forms the basis for much of the functionality of the [[Internet]].
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= Client–server model =
  
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In this model, clients typically initiate communication sessions with servers, which await incoming requests. Servers provide resources or services to multiple clients, often simultaneously.
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The '''client–server model''' is a way that distributed applications are set up, where tasks are divided between '''servers''' (providers of a resource or service) and '''clients''' (requesters of that service). It's a core concept in computer networking and forms the basis of much of the internet.
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Clients typically start communication with servers, which wait for requests. Servers provide resources or services to many clients, often at the same time.
  
 
== Overview and Purpose ==
 
== Overview and Purpose ==
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The client-server model is designed to distribute processing tasks and data storage across multiple systems connected by a network.
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This model distributes tasks and data storage across multiple networked systems.
  
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The main purposes include:
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Its main goals are:
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* '''Centralized Resources:''' Resources like databases and files are managed on servers, making them accessible to many clients and easier to update.
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* '''Task Division:''' Clients handle user interfaces, while servers manage data storage, processing, and services.
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* '''Scalability:''' Servers can be upgraded independently to handle more clients or heavier workloads.
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* '''Simpler Clients:''' Clients can be basic devices that rely on the server for most tasks and data.
  
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'''Centralization of Resources and Management:''' Resources (like databases, files, applications) are stored and managed on servers, making them accessible from multiple clients and simplifying administration and updates.
 
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'''Task Partitioning:''' Clients handle user interface and presentation tasks, while servers handle data storage, processing logic, and providing services.
 
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'''Scalability:''' Servers can be upgraded or scaled independently to handle increasing numbers of clients or heavier workloads.
 
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'''Simplified Clients:''' Clients can be relatively simple devices that rely on the server for most of the work and data storage.
 
 
== How it Works ==
 
== How it Works ==
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The interaction in a client–server model follows a request–response pattern:
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The client–server interaction follows a request–response pattern:
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1.  The client connects to the server over a network.
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2.  The client sends a request for a service or resource using a specific protocol.
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3.  The server processes the request (e.g., accesses databases, runs calculations, retrieves files).
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4.  The server sends a response back to the client with the requested data or a status.
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5.  The client receives the response and shows the information to the user.
  
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The [[Client program|client]] initiates a connection to the [[Server (computing)|server]] over a [[Computer network|network]] (like a local network or the Internet).
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Servers are usually powerful computers handling many requests reliably. Clients can be anything from desktops to smartphones. Communication uses various network protocols like HTTP for web browsing or SFTP for file transfer.
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The client sends a [[Request|request]] for a specific service or resource to the server, using a defined [[Network protocol|protocol]].
 
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The [[Server (computing)|server]] receives the request, processes it (which might involve accessing [[Database|databases]], running computations, or retrieving files).
 
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The [[Server (computing)|server]] sends a [[Response|response]] back to the client, containing the requested data, the result of the computation, or a status message (e.g., success or error).
 
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The client receives the response and presents the information to the user.
 
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Servers are typically powerful computers designed to handle many concurrent requests from multiple clients reliably. Clients can be various devices, from desktop computers and laptops to smartphones and tablets. Communication between clients and servers relies on various [[Network protocol|network protocols]] depending on the service (e.g., [[HTTP]] for web Browse, [[SMTP]] for email, [[SFTP]] for file transfer).
 
  
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== Examples of Client–Server Applications ==
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== Examples ==
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The client-server model is used in a vast number of applications:
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The client-server model is used in many applications:
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* '''World Wide Web:''' Web browsers (clients) request pages from web servers.
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* '''Email:''' Email clients send/receive emails from mail servers.
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* '''File Transfer:''' FTP/SFTP clients transfer files to/from file servers.
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* '''Online Gaming:''' Game clients connect to game servers.
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* '''Database Access:''' Database clients query data on database servers.
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* '''DNS:''' DNS clients request IP addresses from DNS servers.
  
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'''World Wide Web:''' [[Web browser]]s are clients that request web pages and resources from [[Web server|web servers]].
 
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'''Email:''' Email clients request emails from and send emails to mail servers.
 
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'''File Transfer:''' FTP, SFTP, or SCP clients transfer files to and from file servers.
 
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'''Online Gaming:''' Game clients connect to game servers.
 
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'''Database Access:''' Database clients query and update data on database servers.
 
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'''DNS:''' DNS clients (often part of the operating system) request IP addresses for domain names from DNS servers.
 
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'''Network Printing:''' Clients send print jobs to a print server.
 
 
== Advantages ==
 
== Advantages ==
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* '''Centralized Control:''' Easier to manage, update, and secure data on a central server.
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* '''Resource Sharing:''' Clients share resources like printers or storage.
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* '''Data Consistency:''' Central storage helps ensure data consistency and backups.
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* '''Scalability:''' Server capacity can be increased for more clients.
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* '''Reliability:''' A client failure usually doesn't affect the server or other clients.
  
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Centralized Control: Easier to manage, update, and secure data and applications on a central server.
 
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Resource Sharing: Multiple clients can share expensive resources like printers or storage devices connected to the server.
 
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Data Consistency: Data is stored in a central location, making it easier to ensure consistency and manage backups.
 
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Scalability: Server capacity can be increased to handle more clients or larger workloads.
 
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Reliability: If a client fails, it typically does not affect the data on the server or other clients.
 
 
== Disadvantages ==
 
== Disadvantages ==
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* '''Server Dependence:''' If the server fails or is overloaded, services become unavailable.
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* '''Network Dependence:''' Requires a stable network connection.
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* '''Server Bottlenecks:''' A single server can be overwhelmed by too many requests.
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* '''Initial Server Cost:''' Setting up server infrastructure can be expensive.
  
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Server Dependence: If the server fails or becomes overloaded, clients cannot access the service.
 
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Network Dependence: Requires a stable network connection between the client and the server.
 
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Server Bottlenecks: A single server can become a bottleneck if the number of clients or workload is too high for its capacity.
 
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Initial Server Cost: Setting up and maintaining a server infrastructure can be expensive.
 
 
== The Client–Server Model at Pulsed Media ==
 
== The Client–Server Model at Pulsed Media ==
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Pulsed Media's services, including [[Seedbox|seedboxes]], [[Virtual Private Server|Virtual Private Servers]] (VPS), and [[Dedicated server|Dedicated Servers]], are built on the client–server model.
  
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The services offered by [[Pulsed Media]], including [[Seedbox|seedboxes]], [[Virtual Private Server|Virtual Private Servers]] (VPS), and [[Dedicated server|Dedicated Servers]], are fundamentally built upon and delivered using the [[Client–server model]].
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* '''The Servers:''' Pulsed Media's physical servers in data centers act as the servers.
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    * Dedicated servers are allocated entirely to one user.
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'''The Servers:''' The physical servers housed in Pulsed Media's data centers act as the servers in this architecture.
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    * VPS involves powerful physical servers hosting multiple virtual machines, each a VPS for a user.
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    * Seedboxes are hosted on physical servers, often shared, where a user's resources are their portion of the server. These servers run the operating system, applications (like torrent clients, web servers), and store user data.
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* '''The Clients:''' Your local computer, laptop, smartphone, or other device running client applications.
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    * Your web browser is the client when accessing web-based control panels or application GUIs (like rTorrent's web UI).
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    * SFTP/FTP software on your machine acts as the client for file transfers.
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    * An SSH client on your device connects to the SSH server for command-line access.
  
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For [[Dedicated server|dedicated servers]], a single physical server is allocated entirely to one user, acting as their dedicated server.
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While a [[seedbox]] itself acts as a client for torrent networks, from your perspective, your local machine is the client accessing the remote [[seedbox]] server.
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For [[Virtual Private Server|VPS]], a powerful physical server hosts multiple virtual machines, each acting as an independent VPS server for a user.
 
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For [[Seedbox|seedboxes]], a physical server hosts the seedbox environment, often shared among multiple users, where each user's allocated resources function as their portion of the server. These servers run the [[Operating system|operating system]], [[Application software|application software]] (like [[Torrent client|torrent clients]], web servers, etc.), and store the user's [[Data]].
 
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'''The Clients:''' The user's local computer, laptop, smartphone, or other device running various client applications.
 
  
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When accessing a web-based control panel or application GUI (like rTorrent's web UI), the user's [[Web browser]] is the client, communicating with a [[Web server]] running on the seedbox/server.
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In short, [[Pulsed Media]] provides the server infrastructure. Users then use client applications on their devices to connect to these servers, send requests (e.g., download/upload files, run commands, access web interfaces), and receive responses, using [[Pulsed Media]]'s services.
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When using [[SFTP]] or [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]] software to transfer files, the SFTP/FTP client on the user's machine communicates with the SFTP/FTP server running on the seedbox/server.
 
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When connecting via [[SSH]] for command-line access, the SSH client on the user's machine communicates with the SSH server on the seedbox/server.
 
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While a seedbox itself acts as a client when connecting to torrent trackers and other peers in the [[BitTorrent]] network, from the end-user's perspective interacting with the seedbox service, their local machine is the client accessing the remote seedbox server.
 
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In summary, Pulsed Media provides the server infrastructure and ensures it is running and accessible. Users then utilize various client applications on their local devices to connect to these remote servers, send requests (e.g., download/upload files, execute commands, access web interfaces), and receive responses, thereby utilizing the resources and services provided by Pulsed Media.
 
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
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* [[Server (computing)]]
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* [[Download]]
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* [[Upload]]
  
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[[Server (computing)]]
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[[Category:Information]]
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[[Network protocol]]
 
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[[Peer-to-peer]]
 
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[[Internet]]
 
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[[Web server]]
 
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[[Web browser]]
 
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== External links ==
 
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[https://www.google.com/search?q=https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/network-layer/what-is-client-server-model/ Cloudflare: What is the Client-Server Model?]
 
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[https://www.google.com/search?q=https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/client-server-model/ Webopedia: Client-Server Model]
 
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[[Category:Client–server model]]
 
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[[Category:Distributed computing]]
 
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[[Category:Computer networking]]
 
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[[Category:Software architecture]]
 
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[[Category:Technical terms]]
 
 
[[Category:Pulsed Media]]
 
[[Category:Pulsed Media]]

Latest revision as of 13:31, 2 June 2025

Client–server model

The client–server model is a way that distributed applications are set up, where tasks are divided between servers (providers of a resource or service) and clients (requesters of that service). It's a core concept in computer networking and forms the basis of much of the internet.

Clients typically start communication with servers, which wait for requests. Servers provide resources or services to many clients, often at the same time.

Overview and Purpose

This model distributes tasks and data storage across multiple networked systems.

Its main goals are:

  • Centralized Resources: Resources like databases and files are managed on servers, making them accessible to many clients and easier to update.
  • Task Division: Clients handle user interfaces, while servers manage data storage, processing, and services.
  • Scalability: Servers can be upgraded independently to handle more clients or heavier workloads.
  • Simpler Clients: Clients can be basic devices that rely on the server for most tasks and data.

How it Works

The client–server interaction follows a request–response pattern: 1. The client connects to the server over a network. 2. The client sends a request for a service or resource using a specific protocol. 3. The server processes the request (e.g., accesses databases, runs calculations, retrieves files). 4. The server sends a response back to the client with the requested data or a status. 5. The client receives the response and shows the information to the user.

Servers are usually powerful computers handling many requests reliably. Clients can be anything from desktops to smartphones. Communication uses various network protocols like HTTP for web browsing or SFTP for file transfer.

Examples

The client-server model is used in many applications:

  • World Wide Web: Web browsers (clients) request pages from web servers.
  • Email: Email clients send/receive emails from mail servers.
  • File Transfer: FTP/SFTP clients transfer files to/from file servers.
  • Online Gaming: Game clients connect to game servers.
  • Database Access: Database clients query data on database servers.
  • DNS: DNS clients request IP addresses from DNS servers.

Advantages

  • Centralized Control: Easier to manage, update, and secure data on a central server.
  • Resource Sharing: Clients share resources like printers or storage.
  • Data Consistency: Central storage helps ensure data consistency and backups.
  • Scalability: Server capacity can be increased for more clients.
  • Reliability: A client failure usually doesn't affect the server or other clients.

Disadvantages

  • Server Dependence: If the server fails or is overloaded, services become unavailable.
  • Network Dependence: Requires a stable network connection.
  • Server Bottlenecks: A single server can be overwhelmed by too many requests.
  • Initial Server Cost: Setting up server infrastructure can be expensive.

The Client–Server Model at Pulsed Media

Pulsed Media's services, including seedboxes, Virtual Private Servers (VPS), and Dedicated Servers, are built on the client–server model.

  • The Servers: Pulsed Media's physical servers in data centers act as the servers.
   * Dedicated servers are allocated entirely to one user.
   * VPS involves powerful physical servers hosting multiple virtual machines, each a VPS for a user.
   * Seedboxes are hosted on physical servers, often shared, where a user's resources are their portion of the server. These servers run the operating system, applications (like torrent clients, web servers), and store user data.
  • The Clients: Your local computer, laptop, smartphone, or other device running client applications.
   * Your web browser is the client when accessing web-based control panels or application GUIs (like rTorrent's web UI).
   * SFTP/FTP software on your machine acts as the client for file transfers.
   * An SSH client on your device connects to the SSH server for command-line access.

While a seedbox itself acts as a client for torrent networks, from your perspective, your local machine is the client accessing the remote seedbox server.

In short, Pulsed Media provides the server infrastructure. Users then use client applications on their devices to connect to these servers, send requests (e.g., download/upload files, run commands, access web interfaces), and receive responses, using Pulsed Media's services.

See also

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