World Wide Web

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The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is a primary information resource that users navigate via the Internet. It is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, users can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them using hyperlinks.

The Web was invented by English computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989 and opened to the public in August 1991. It is not synonymous with the Internet, which is the underlying network infrastructure; the Web is a service built on top of the Internet.

History

In 1989, Tim Berners-Lee proposed a system at CERN to manage information using hypertext. This led to the development of the first web server, the first web browser (called WorldWideWeb), and the first web pages in 1990. The project was announced to the public in August 1991, marking the debut of the Web as a publicly available service on the Internet.

How it works

The World Wide Web operates on a client-server model using the Internet.

  1. A user opens a web browser (the client) and enters a URL (Uniform Resource Locator), which is a web address.
  2. The browser uses the HTTP or HTTPS protocol to send a request for the specified web page to a web server located on the Internet.
  3. The web server receives the request, finds the requested web page (which is typically written in HTML - Hypertext Markup Language), and sends it back to the browser via HTTP/HTTPS.
  4. The browser receives the HTML content and renders it into a human-readable web page for the user to view and interact with.

Key Concepts

  • Web Page: A document, typically written in HTML, that is designed to be displayed in a web browser.
  • Website: A collection of interlinked web pages, usually grouped together under a single domain name, that are published on a web server.
  • Web Server: Software and hardware that stores web pages and related files and delivers them to web browsers upon request.
  • Web Browser: Software used by users to access and view web pages (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
  • Hyperlink: A link from one web page to another, or to another section within the same page. These links are the defining feature that connects disparate documents into a "web".
  • URL: The address used to identify and locate a resource (like a web page) on the Internet.
  • HTTP/HTTPS: The fundamental protocol used for transmitting web pages and other content over the Internet. HTTPS is the secure version.
  • HTML: The standard markup language used for creating web pages.

Evolution

The Web has evolved significantly since its creation. Initially, it was largely a collection of static pages (sometimes referred to retrospectively as Web 1.0). Over time, it became more interactive and dynamic, incorporating user-generated content, social networking, and complex web applications (often associated with the term Web 2.0). Further developments involve concepts like the Semantic Web, decentralized web, and enhanced multimedia capabilities.

See also


External links

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